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If you are new to PHP or just need to refresh your skills, this is the place to start. This series of tutorials will give you the basic knowledge you will need to create a simple PHP website.

PHP is a reflective programming language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages.[1] PHP is used mainly in server-side scripting, but can be used from a command line interface or in standalone graphical applications. Textual User Interfaces can also be created using ncurses.

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mysql_connect

(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

mysql_connect -- Open a connection to a MySQL Server

Description

resource mysql_connect ( [string server [, string username [, string password [, bool new_link [, int client_flags]]]]] )

Opens or reuses a connection to a MySQL server.

Parameters

server

The MySQL server. It can also include a port number. e.g. "hostname:port" or a path to a local socket e.g. ":/path/to/socket" for the localhost.

If the PHP directive mysql.default_host is undefined (default), then the default value is 'localhost:3306'. In SQL safe mode, this parameter is ignored and value 'localhost:3306' is always used.

username

The username. Default value is defined by mysql.default_user. In SQL safe mode, this parameter is ignored and the name of the user that owns the server process is used.

password

The password. Default value is defined by mysql.default_password. In SQL safe mode, this parameter is ignored and empty password is used.

new_link

If a second call is made to mysql_connect() with the same arguments, no new link will be established, but instead, the link identifier of the already opened link will be returned. The new_link parameter modifies this behavior and makes mysql_connect() always open a new link, even if mysql_connect() was called before with the same parameters. In SQL safe mode, this parameter is ignored.

client_flags

The client_flags parameter can be a combination of the following constants: MYSQL_CLIENT_SSL, MYSQL_CLIENT_COMPRESS, MYSQL_CLIENT_IGNORE_SPACE or MYSQL_CLIENT_INTERACTIVE. Read the section about Table 2 for further information. In SQL safe mode, this parameter is ignored.

Return Values

Returns a MySQL link identifier on success, or FALSE on failure.

ChangeLog

VersionDescription
4.3.0 Added the client_flags parameter.
4.2.0 Added the new_link parameter.
3.0.10 Added support for ":/path/to/socket" with server.
3.0.0 Added support for ":port" with server.

Examples

Example 1. mysql_connect() example

<?php
$link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_password');
if (!$link) {
    die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_close($link);
?>

Example 2. mysql_connect() example using hostname:port syntax

<?php
// we connect to example.com and port 3307
$link = mysql_connect('example.com:3307', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_password');
if (!$link) {
    die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_close($link);

// we connect to localhost at port 3307
$link = mysql_connect('127.0.0.1:3307', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_password');
if (!$link) {
    die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_close($link);
?>

Example 3. mysql_connect() example using ":/path/to/socket" syntax

<?php
// we connect to localhost and socket e.g. /tmp/mysql.sock

//variant 1: ommit localhost
$link = mysql_connect('/tmp/mysql', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_password');
if (!$link) {
    die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_close($link);


// variant 2: with localhost
$link = mysql_connect('localhost:/tmp/mysql.sock', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_password');
if (!$link) {
    die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_close($link);
?>

Notes

Note: Whenever you specify "localhost" or "localhost:port" as server, the MySQL client library will override this and try to connect to a local socket (named pipe on Windows). If you want to use TCP/IP, use "127.0.0.1" instead of "localhost". If the MySQL client library tries to connect to the wrong local socket, you should set the correct path as mysql.default_host string in your PHP configuration and leave the server field blank.

Note: The link to the server will be closed as soon as the execution of the script ends, unless it's closed earlier by explicitly calling mysql_close().

Note: You can suppress the error message on failure by prepending a @ to the function name.

See Also

mysql_pconnect()
mysql_close()

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mysql_closeUpmysql_create_db

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Another Useful functions:


ref.pdo-mysql | ref.pdo-mysql.connection | ref.mysqli | ref.mysql | function.mysqli-warning-count | function.mysqli-use-result | function.mysqli-thread-safe | function.mysqli-thread-id | function.mysqli-store-result | function.mysqli-stmt-store-result | function.mysqli-stmt-sqlstate | function.mysqli-stmt-send-long-data | function.mysqli-stmt-result-metadata | function.mysqli-stmt-reset | function.mysqli-stmt-prepare | function.mysqli-stmt-param-count | function.mysqli-stmt-num-rows | function.mysqli-stmt-insert-id | function.mysqli-stmt-init | function.mysqli-stmt-get-warnings | function.mysqli-stmt-free-result | function.mysqli-stmt-field-count | function.mysqli-stmt-fetch | function.mysqli-stmt-execute | function.mysqli-stmt-error | function.mysqli-stmt-errno | function.mysqli-stmt-data-seek | function.mysqli-stmt-close | function.mysqli-stmt-bind-result | function.mysqli-stmt-bind-param | function.mysqli-stmt-attr-set | function.mysqli-stmt-attr-get | function.mysqli-stmt-affected-rows | function.mysqli-stat | function.mysqli-ssl-set | function.mysqli-sqlstate | function.mysqli-slave-query | function.mysqli-set-opt | function.mysqli-set-local-infile-handler | function.mysqli-set-local-infile-default | function.mysqli-set-charset | function.mysqli-server-init | function.mysqli-server-end | function.mysqli-send-query | function.mysqli-send-long-data | function.mysqli-select-db | function.mysqli-rpl-query-type | function.mysqli-rpl-probe | function.mysqli-rpl-parse-enabled | function.mysqli-rollback | function.mysqli-report | function.mysqli-real-query | function.mysqli-real-escape-string | function.mysqli-real-connect | function.mysqli-query | function.mysqli-prepare | function.mysqli-ping | function.mysqli-param-count | function.mysqli-options | function.mysqli-num-rows | function.mysqli-num-fields | function.mysqli-next-result | function.mysqli-multi-query | function.mysqli-more-results | function.mysqli-master-query | function.mysqli-kill | function.mysqli-insert-id | function.mysqli-init | function.mysqli-info | function.mysqli-get-warnings | function.mysqli-get-server-version | function.mysqli-get-server-info | function.mysqli-get-proto-info | function.mysqli-get-metadata | function.mysqli-get-host-info | function.mysqli-get-client-version | function.mysqli-get-client-info | function.mysqli-get-charset | function.mysqli-free-result | function.mysqli-field-tell | function.mysqli-field-seek | function.mysqli-field-count | function.mysqli-fetch | function.mysqli-fetch-row | function.mysqli-fetch-object | function.mysqli-fetch-lengths | function.mysqli-fetch-fields | function.mysqli-fetch-field | function.mysqli-fetch-field-direct | function.mysqli-fetch-assoc | function.mysqli-fetch-array | function.mysqli-execute | function.mysqli-escape-string | function.mysqli-error | function.mysqli-errno | function.mysqli-enable-rpl-parse | function.mysqli-enable-reads-from-master | function.mysqli-embedded-server-start | function.mysqli-embedded-server-end | function.mysqli-dump-debug-info | function.mysqli-disable-rpl-parse | function.mysqli-disable-reads-from-master | function.mysqli-debug | function.mysqli-data-seek | function.mysqli-connect | function.mysqli-connect-error | function.mysqli-connect-errno | function.mysqli-commit | function.mysqli-close | function.mysqli-client-encoding | function.mysqli-character-set-name | function.mysqli-change-user | function.mysqli-bind-result | function.mysqli-bind-param | function.mysqli-autocommit | function.mysqli-affected-rows | function.mysql-unbuffered-query | function.mysql-thread-id | function.mysql-tablename | function.mysql-stat | function.mysql-select-db | function.mysql-result | function.mysql-real-escape-string | function.mysql-query | function.mysql-ping | function.mysql-pconnect | function.mysql-num-rows | function.mysql-num-fields | function.mysql-list-tables | function.mysql-list-processes | function.mysql-list-fields | function.mysql-list-dbs | function.mysql-insert-id | function.mysql-info | function.mysql-get-server-info | function.mysql-get-proto-info | function.mysql-get-host-info | function.mysql-get-client-info | function.mysql-free-result | function.mysql-field-type | function.mysql-field-table | function.mysql-field-seek | function.mysql-field-name | function.mysql-field-len | function.mysql-field-flags | function.mysql-fetch-row | function.mysql-fetch-object | function.mysql-fetch-lengths | function.mysql-fetch-field | function.mysql-fetch-assoc | function.mysql-fetch-array | function.mysql-escape-string | function.mysql-error | function.mysql-errno | function.mysql-drop-db | function.mysql-db-query | function.mysql-db-name | function.mysql-data-seek | function.mysql-create-db | function.mysql-connect | function.mysql-close | function.mysql-client-encoding | function.mysql-change-user | function.mysql-affected-rows |


PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML. If you are new to PHP and want to get some idea of how it works, try the introductory tutorial. After that, check out the online manual, and the example archive sites and some of the other resources available in the links section.